The cognitive development of children is complex and crucial for their future development. There are many factors that can significantly change the course and quality of children's cognitive development and one of the most influential is the media. Television, social media, the Internet and marketing campaigns can have both positive and negative impacts on a child’s development. On the one hand, there are sources that encourage positive cognitive development, such as educational programs that encourage children to think critically or even video games for children with special needs that allow healthy development of cognitive and motor skills, while on the other hand there are methods of exploiting children's attention and their underdeveloped critical thinking by marketing professionals who target the youngest audience with promotional content or various risks found on the Internet to which children have easy access that negatively contribute to their development. Through various researches around the world, it is clear that one of the most important steps towards solving the problem of media influence on children is to create awareness of all the ways in which media can influence children's cognitive development and ways to best contribute to it. Parents, teachers and psychologists are an important aspect of a child's development and should be familiar with all aspects and the importance of media influence on children and how to create a positive and stimulating environment for children's development. Media literacy here has a major role in educating the public about critical thinking for a clearer understanding of the media messages that surround us on a daily basis. Legislative restrictions have been set on the relationship between children and the media, as well as various media literacy content available to parents and teachers on educational websites that allow them to be media and information literate so that they can provide children with useful information that contributes to their further development in the world of media and technology.